Looped and cut pile fabric.



No. 795,354 PATENTED JULY 25, 1905. J. LOWRIB.

LOOPED AND OUT PILE FABRIC.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 16,1903.

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UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE.

JOHN LOWRIE, OF BRIDGNORTH, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO H. & M.SOUTHWELL, LIMITED, OF BRIDGNORTH, ENGLAND.

LOOPED AND CUT PILE FABRIC.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 25, 1905.

Original application filed October 24, 1902, Serial No. 128,635. Dividedand this application filed April 16, 1903. Serial N 0. 152,962.

To [all whmn it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN LowRiE, powerloom tuner, a subject of the Kingof Great Britain and Ireland, residing at 2 k Victoria road, Bridgnorth,in the county of Salop, England, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Looped and Out Pile Fabrics, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention consists of improvements in looped and cut pile fabricsand constitutes the subject for a division of the pending applicationfor a United States Patent, Serial No. 128,635, filed on or about the24th day of October, 1902.

In looped fabricssuch, for example, as Brussels carpet-sas heretoforemade the loops constituting pile are formed side by side, so as to givethe appearance of ribs on the surface of the fabric extending from oneedge to the opposite edge or selvages of the fabricthat is, in thedirection of the weft-threads. According to this invention the loops aremade so as to produce the appearance of ribs on the surface of thefabric in the direction of length of the fabric that is, in thedirection of the warp-threads and portions of the pileyarn which in theordinary manufacture of pile fabrics are buried in the ground of thefabric are by this invention saved.

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents diagrammatically inplan, drawn to an exaggerated scale, a portion of a fabric madeaccording to this invention; and Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on theline 2 2, Fig. 1.

For the sake of simplicity the drawings show what are known as two-framepattern fabrics; but from one to six frame patterns can be similarlywoven by providing the loom with creel-frames and needles accordingly.The loops in the pile-yarns are formed by passing the said yarns overfrom one side to the opposite side of fixed pile-wires arranged in linewith the warp-threads, (as described in the specification of which thisis a division,) the loops thus formed being bound in the fabric by shotsof weft inserted in the sheds formed in the ground-warps on both sidesof the loops and beaten up by the reed, an additional weft-shot f beinginserted, if desired, to increase the body of the ground.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, (0 represents the ground warp-threads, 6 and0 colored pileyarns, and (Z, 0, and f weft-threads.

In Fig. 2 a pile-wire a: is shown for the purpose of more clearlyillustrating the manner in which the loops are formed, it beingunderstood that this forms no part of the fabric.

9 and 7t represent loops formed on the pileyarns Z) on alternate sidesof the pile-wires, and 76 represent loops formed in the pileyarns c onthe same pile-wires. The loops 9 are formed on the pile-Wires by passingthe pile-yarns 6 over them from the front to the back thereof, and thesaid loops are bound by the weft-shot (Z, inserted in the shed of theground-warps and beat up by the reed. The pile-yarn b is caused to dwellin its passage from front to back of the said pile-wires while a shot ofweft f is being inserted in the shed to add substance to the ground ofthe fabric. The loops 9 having been formed and bound by the shot of weft(Z, the shed in the groundwarps is changed and then the pile-yarns 5 arereturned over the said pile-wires to the front thereof to form the nextseries of loops it on the same pile-wires,and the shot of weft eiSinserted in the shed of the ground-warps to bind the said loops. WVhilepile-yarns b are being passed from front to back and from back to frontof alternate pile-wires other pile-yarns b are being passed over theother pile-wires from back to front and from front to back to form theloops g it, the said yarns 6 being caused to dwell in their passage fromback to front of the said pile-wires at the same time that thepile-yarns 6, hereinbefore referred to, are dwelling in their passagefrom front to back of their pile-wires while the shots of weft f arebeing inserted. The pile-yarns c are similarly operated to form theloops 2' e" and 7c 7r, the sets of yarns b I) or 0 0 being brought intooperation according to the pattern to be produced and which is governedby the pattern cards, as described in the specification hereinbeforereferred to. The loops thus formed and beat up are apparently at rightangles to the longitudinal direction of the warp threads; but the bowsof the loops 9 h a" Z: are inclined slightly from a right angle to thewarp-threads in one direction, while the bows of the loops 9' h e kincline slightly from a right angle to the warpthreads in the reversedirection.

By forming the loops in the pile-yarns in the manner described withsingle-ply yarns an appearance is produced on the surface of the fabricsimilar to that produced with twoply yarns in. the usual manner. In likemanner by employing two or three ply yarns the eficct produced will besimilar to those produced in the ordinary manner by four and six plyyarns, respectively, and in each case the quantity of yarn buried in theground of the fabric according to this invention is considerably lessthan the quantity buried in the ground in the ordinary weave of pilefabrics.

Having now particularly described and as certained the nature of thisinvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I. declarethat what I claim is 1. A pile fabric havingaseries of pile-loopsarranged on the surface of the fabric in the longitudinal direction ofthe warp -threads, each series of pile-loops secured in the ground ofthe fabric by a plurality of wefts in each shed of the ground-warps, oneloop of said series engaging a weft-thread in each of two of said sheds,the succeeding loop engaging another weft-thread in the same shed.

2. A pile fabric havinga series of pile-loops arranged on the surface ofthe fabric in the longitudinal direction of the warp-threads, the pilethread or threads for said loops engaging a plurality of weft-threads ineach successive shed of the ground-warps, said pile thread or threadsthereby forming a series of loops secured in the ground of the fabric.

3. A pile fabric having a series of pile-loops arranged on the surfaceof the fabric in the longitudinal direction of the warp-threads, thepile thread or threads for said loops consisting of a single-plyyarn andengaging a plurality of weft-threads in each shed of the ground-warpsthereby forming a pile-loop bound in each shed and an intermediate loopbetween two sheds resembling a two-ply surface.

4:. A pile fabric having a series of pile-loops arranged on the surfaceof the fabric in the longitudinal direction of the warp-threads, eachseries of pile-loops secured in the ground of the fabric by three weftsin each shed of the ground-warps, one within the loop and one on eachside of the loop, whereby the pile-loops are held fast in the body ofthe fabric.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN LOXVRIE.

Witnesses:

ROBERT HENRY STEWART, AnornBALD Guonen BARLOW.

